Evaluating Sources with the CRAAP Test

If you’re writing a research paper, the foundation of your success rests on the sources you use. 

Finding sources is, in some ways, easier than it’s ever been. With the touch of a button, you have access to more information than any other human beings at any other time in history. 

That’s a good thing! But it also means that you have to be careful. There is so much information available, and not all of it is worth using. 

Your research paper is only as strong as your weakest source. 

Your job is to make sure that every source you use is worth using. 

The CRAAP test helps you do it. 

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Practice It

The best way to practice the CRAAP test is to start evaluating some real-life sources. 

You can use this handout to ask yourself some questions as you look through your source. Remember, very few sources are going to be perfect. It’s up to you to determine if the source meets your standards. This checklist just helps you make sure you’ve considered the right elements when you decide.  

Reflect on It

I’m not going to lie to you: evaluating sources is time consuming, and when you spend your time finding a source just to decide not to use it, it feels like a waste of time.  It’s really important to remember why you’re doing it. Eliminating a source doesn’t mean you did something wrong. It means you’re doing something right.  Think of it like a major purchase (a house, a car, a REALLY expensive pair of shoes). You aren’t just going to go with the first one you see. Even if you do end up buying the first one you saw, you want to spend some time comparing it to others, checking it out, making sure it’s really what you want.  Sources deserve a level of scrutiny — a word that means careful attention.  Think about these questions as you consider the purpose of evaluating sources:  What would I think if I was reading an article and saw that it used an outdated source?  What do I expect to be true about the research I read?  How do I know I can trust the information I gather?  What do I want my readers to think about my research? 

Explore it Further

If you’d like to explore the idea of the CRAAP test further, check out these resources: